The manual tradition of assessing and repositioning displaced joints and misaligned bones, described in classical texts such as the Yuan-dynasty "Yinshan Zhengyao" lineage of orthopaedic writing and the Qing-dynasty "Yizong Jinjian · Zhenggu Xinfayaozhi". Its vocabulary includes "sinew out of groove, bone wrong seam" (筋出槽、骨错缝) — the idea that soft tissue can slip from its channel and joints can sit fractionally out of place. Diagnosis is by hands: palpation, comparison of the two sides, and listening for joint movement.
Here the safety boundary is unusually hard: the difference between a "fractionally out" joint and a fracture, dislocation, ligament rupture or unstable spine is exactly what training and imaging exist for. Forceful neck and lumbar manipulation carries documented risks regardless of tradition. A responsible practice refers out anything with trauma history plus red flags, and works with — not instead of — modern orthopaedics.
以手法检查并复位错动关节与移位骨骼的传统，典籍如元代危亦林《世医得效方》的脊柱悬吊复位记载、清代《医宗金鉴·正骨心法要旨》。其术语包括"筋出槽、骨错缝"——筋可离于槽，骨可微错于缝。诊断靠手：触诊、双侧对比、听关节活动的声响。
安全边界在这里格外硬：「微错位」与骨折、脱位、韧带断裂、不稳定脊柱之间的差别，恰恰是训练与影像存在的理由。无论何种传统，颈腰椎的强力扳动都有记录在案的风险。负责任的做法是：外伤史加红旗信号一律转诊，与现代骨科协作而非替代。
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